Harshen Kamwe
| Harshen Kamwe | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
hig |
| Glottolog |
kamw1239[1] |
| Kamwe(Vecemwe) Motto: Dabeghi Nji Denama (There is strength in unity) | |
|---|---|
| Asali a | Nigeria and Cameroon |
| Yanki | Adamawa State and Borno State |
'Yan asalin magana | 985,000 (2020)[2] |
|
Tafrusyawit
| |
| kasafin harshe |
|
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
hig – inclusive codeIndividual code:Samfuri:Infobox language/codelist |
| Glottolog |
kamw1239 Kamwe[1]psik1239 Psikye[3] |
Kamwe ana kuma iya rubutashi da Kamue ) yare ne na Chadi mai zaman kanta a jihar Adamawa, jihar Borno a Najeriya da kuma arewa maso yammacin Kamaru.
A Najeriya kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na mutanen Kamwe ana samun su ne a karamar hukumar Michika da ke jihar Adamawa a Najeriya. Ana kuma samun su a kananan hukumomin Mubi ta arewa, Hong, Gombi, Song da Madagali a jihar Adamawa. Ana kuma samun mutanen Kamwe a jihar Borno, musamman a kananan hukumomin Askira/Uba da Gwoza.
Blench (2019) ya lissafo Mukta na kauyen Mukta, jihar Adamawa a matsayin wani bangare na gungun yarukan Kamwe.
Asalin kalma da sunaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kamwe kalma ce da ta samo asali daga kalmomin "Ka" da "Mwe" wanda ke nufin "Mutane na". Kamwe yana kuma nufin mutane masu alaƙa iri ɗaya. Yana nufin dangi iri daya. 'Yan uwa a daure tare. Ya samo ma'anarsa daga wani nau'i na musamman na kayan ado na Kamwe na asali wanda dangi na kusa na mutumin da ya mutu ke sawa a matsayin alamar ganewa da tausayi. [4]
A cewar dattawan Kamwe "Mwe" ita ce alamar ainihi na dangi a kasar Kamwe. A baya, idan wanda ba dan dangi ba ya sanya Mwe, zai iya haifar da rikici da dangin ainihi. dangi na kusa ne kawai aka yarda su sanya Mwe. Domin "Mwe" shine ainihin asalin dangi na kusa kuma yana tabbatar da alakar da ke tsakanin su. Masu sanye da Mwe za su rungume kansu suna cewa "Tselie ra na". (Dan uwana ne kai. ) Wasu dattawa har yanzu suna ra'ayin cewa Kamwe yana nufin mutanen aljanna, mutane a kan tuddai, duwatsu har ma da sararin sama a Vecemwe. Akwai yaruka sama da 24 na Vecemwe (harshen Kamwe) amma Nkafa shine yaren tsakiya kuma an rubutu shi a rubuce-rubuce da adabi.
Mutanen Kamwe da harshen ana kiransu Higi (Higgi) a da. Dattawan Kamwe sun ce "Higgi" kalma ce ta wulakanci kuma cin mutunci ne ( Ngelai a yaren Vecemwe ) kuma kalmar wulakanci da aka samo daga "hagyi" ciyawar da maƙwabtansu Margi suka yi wa Kamwe lakabi da wulakanci, wanda a zahiri yana nufin "ciyawa" don yin ba'a. Kamwe a baya. Mafi akasarin mutanen Kamwe sun raina kalmar ‘Higgi’ na wulakanci sai dai wasu tsirarun mutanen yankin Dakwa (Bazza) wadanda asalinsu ‘yan asalin Margi ne. Domin kwarin da aka samo kalmar wulakanci daga ita "higgi" kwari ne maras fata a al'adar Kamwe da kadangaru da kwadi suke cinyewa saboda suna da rauni da rashin karfi. Mutanen Margi sun fara kiran mutanen Kamwe "Higi" a shekarar alif 1937. [5]
Yaruka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai yaruka ashirin da huɗu masu na yaren Kamwe da ake amfani dasu a yanzu. Yarukan Kamwe masu aiki sun haɗa da Nkafa, Dakwa, Krghea (wani lokaci ana kiranta Higgi Fali), Fwea, Humsi, Modi, Sina, da Tilyi; Blench (2006) ya ɗauki Psikye a matsayin wani sashi. [6] Kowa na fahimtar yaren Nkafa kuma ana magana da shi. Kasancewar babban harshen gudanarwa da kasuwanci, da kuma al'adar adabi.
Mutane
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yawancin Kamwe suna bayyana kansu da Mwe-ci-ka (Michika), gidan kakannin daukakin mutanen Kamwe. Sunan Mwecika (Michika) jimlar Nkafa ce wacce ke nufin ratsawa cikin shiru don farauta. Yana nuna yadda Kwada Kwakaa jarumin ke tafiya a hankali a kan tsaunin Michika don farautar wasanninsa. Kamwe a zahiri yana nufin mutane iri ɗaya "ƙulli da alaƙa". Mutanen Kamwe sun yi imani da Allah na samaniya da ake kira 'Hyalatamwe' Sadarwa da Hyalatamwe kai tsaye ba zai yiwu ba a al'adar Kamwe. Ana girmama Hyalatamwe kuma ana jin tsoro. Sadarwa tare da shi dole ne ta kasance ta hanyar masu shiga tsakani da ake kira "Da melie ko Tchehye shwa"
A cikin al'adar Kamwe, tsarin ƙabila yana wanzuwa yayin da ake rarraba mutanen Kamwe zuwa 'Melie da Ka-Ligyi'.
An ce wanda ya kafa Michika (Mwe-ci-ka) shine Kwada Kwakaa, yarima daga Kuli a Nkafamiya a kan tudun Michika. An ce Kwada Kwakaa jarumi ne mai farautar zaki da damisa shi kadai. Lokacin da mahaifinsa, wanda shine Sarki a Nkafamiya, ya san cewa Kwada 'kwa' 'kaa' ne, [8] ya umurci Kwada ya zama sarki a Michika a yau.
Wani abin da ya bambanta al’adun Kamwe shi ne yadda ake sanya wa ‘ya’yansu suna bisa yadda uwar yaro ta haife shi/ta. Wani ɗa na farko ana sanya mai suna Tizhe, 'yar fari mace kuwa, Kuve. Yara goma na farko a al'adar Kamwe suna zuwa kamar haka:- Namiji na fari Tizhe, mace Kuve. Namiji na biyu shine Zira, mace kuma Masi. Namiji na uku Tumba, mace Kwarramba, na hudu namiji Vandi, mace kuwa Kwanye. Na biyar shi ne Kwaji ko namiji ko mace. Na shida shi ne Tari na namiji da Kwata na mace. Na bakwai shi ne sini namiji da Kwasini na mace. Yaro na takwas Kwada ga duka maza ko mata. Yaro na tara shine Drambi ga namiji da mace. Yaro na goma ana kiransa Kwatri ga yaro namiji da mace. Daga baya, kowane yaro zai sami kari da "hale" a maƙala da sunan da ke nuna cewa an haifi yaron a lokacin tsufa na uwa. Misali shine Kuve-hale ko Zira-hale kamar yadda lamarin ya kasance.
Ana bikin tagwaye ko 'ya'ya fiye da haka a al'adun Kamwe. Tagwaye suna da sunaye na musamman dangane da jinsi da wanda aka fara bayarwa. Tagwai namiji na farko ana kiransa Thakma, tagwai na biyu kuma shine Pembi. Tagwai mace ta farko ita ce Thakma, tagwai mace ta biyu kuma ita ce Kwalgha
Kafin zuwan tsarin shari'a na Yammacin duniya a Afirka musamman Najeriya, mutanen Kamwe suna da tsarin shari'a na Sarki mai suna "Mbege" a matsayin mai shari'a na kai tsaye. Ana kiran shari'a a harshen Kamwe da "Kita".
Domin inganta farfado da al'adu a Kamweland, bikin al'adu na shekara-shekara mai taken "Kamwe People Annual Cultural Festival of Art and Culture duk shekara ana yinsa ne a Michika Jihar Adamawa Najeriya kowace Asabar ta farko (1st) a cikin watan Afrilu na kowace shekara tun 2017. Anayi ne da nufin farfado da kyawawan al'adun Kamwe da jawo masu yawon bude ido daga nesa da kusa."
A lokacin bugu na farko a shekarar 2017, an gabatar da wani littafi mai suna 'Kamwe People of Northern Nigeria: Origin, History and Culture' wanda aka rabawa jama'a. [9]
Bayanan kula
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Kamwe". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Glottolog" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Samfuri:Ethnologue21
Samfuri:Ethnologue21 - ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Psikye". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Kwache, Iliya Yame (2016).Kamwe People of Northern Nigeria: Origin, History and Culture. Prudent Press Kaduna.
- ↑ Tribal Studies in Northern Nigeria. C.K Meek 1931
- ↑ Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
- ↑ Debki, Bitrus (2009) History and Culture of Kamwe People
- ↑ Oral Interview with Shi Mairama Wape 1991.
- ↑ NTA News 1 April 2017
Nassoshi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Roger Mohrlang. 1972. Higi phonology . Nazarin Harsunan Najeriya 2. Zaria: Cibiyar Nazarin Harsuna da Cibiyar Nazarin Harsunan Najeriya.
